The Ethereum KZG ceremony is a cryptographic ceremony that aims to provide a secure foundation for Ethereum scaling. The ceremony involves a number of participants, each of whom contributes a secret number to a shared pool. These numbers are then used to generate a random number that is used to secure the Ethereum network.
Here is ELI5 explaining the KZG ceremony
Imagine you have a big Lego model of Ethereum and you need to make sure it’s secure. You start with a bunch of little Lego pieces representing the secret keys of different participants. Each participant has a unique set of Lego pieces that only they know how to put together.
To make sure no one can cheat, you decide to use a special Lego piece called a “commitment”. Each participant takes their secret Lego pieces and puts them in a closed box. They then lock the box with a special Lego key and attach it to the commitment piece. This commitment piece is then added to the overall Ethereum model.
Next, you need to create a “public verification”. This is like a big billboard with a bunch of Lego pieces representing the commitments from each participant. Everyone can see this billboard and check that the commitments match up with the actual secret keys.
Then, you need to do the “KZG ceremony”. This involves each participant going up to the billboard and proving that their commitment matches up with their secret keys. They do this by using a special Lego tool to create a “proof” that connects their commitment to their secret keys.
Finally, you take all the proofs and add them together to create a big Lego “verification”. This verifies that each participant’s secret keys match up with their commitments and ensures that the Ethereum model is secure.
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